Feminism/Feminist art The rights movements of the 1960s produced radical new forms of art production and revisionism in academia and art institutions. Scholars during this period recognized the exclusion of women from the art historical canon, as well as the oppression that caused their exclusion, and sought to rediscover forgotten women artists or those that had simply been written out of the history of art. In addition to the activism taking place within academia and art institutions, artists began to produce works that drew on such issues as craft, those areas of art traditionally considered "feminine," as well as issues of gender and sexuality. One of the early feminist art works of the 1970s was Judy Chicago's Dinner Party that, in addition to setting places for forgotten women in history, also used techniques such as needlepoint and china painting as a reference to what has been considered "feminine" or "low" art. The art of this early phase in feminist art history was concerned with creating works that drew on women's issues and oppression, creating what some have called explicitly "female" works. Second generation feminists shifted away from the essentialism and biological determinism that characterized the first generation of feminist artists and historians and have thus begun to draw on such theories as psychoanalysis in order to address issues of self-identity and subjectivity through their questioning of gender and sexuality. Contemporary feminist artists include Cindy Sherman and Barbara Kruger.